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Why does my dog keep licking their bum?

For your dog, being flexible enough to reach that irritating spot on their bum is a gift. For us owners… it’s not exactly the highlight of dog companionship.

While it’s normal for dogs to clean themselves – bum included – persistent, intense licking that you can’t distract them from can be a sign something’s wrong. Let’s explore why your pup might be so focused on their behind, and what you can do to help.

Why do dogs lick their bum?

After a muddy countryside walk, you might spot your dog busily licking their paws, legs and, yes, even their bum. It’s their way of removing dirt, debris or stray bits of plant material – and they’re surprisingly good at it.

Licking is also a natural instinct when they have a wound or an itch. While they haven’t exactly told us why, it’s likely they do it for a few reasons:

  • Cleaning – Wounds can be contaminated with dirt or hair, and dogs try to clean them, though vets prefer to use sterile water, not tongues.
  • Soothing – Licking can trigger the release of feel-good chemicals like oxytocin, easing mild irritation or anxiety. And we all know it’s nice to scratch an itch.
  • Mild antibacterial action – Dog saliva contains antibacterial enzymes and healing factors. But it doesn’t work for all bacteria, and constant licking can damage delicate healing skin.

So, while some licking is normal, why might they be fixated on their bum? 

Blocked anal glands 

Anal gland problems can be a common issue for dogs. These two little sacs sit right next to your pup’s anus, at about 4 o’clock and 8 o’clock, and store a smelly secretion used for scent communication. Normally, when your dog poops, two things work together to empty these glands naturally: the pressure from the poop itself passing through pushes on the glands, and the muscles around the anus contract to squeeze the glands and release their contents.

If they don’t empty properly, the secretion builds up and uncomfortable swelling can develop. The solution? Having an experienced person gently squeeze them to help them empty. To find out more read the health guide all about blocked anal glands in dogs

Allergies 

Allergies – whether to parasites, food or environmental triggers – can make dogs itchy all over, including around their rear. It’s rare for allergies to cause itchiness only in the bum area, so check for pink skin, excessive scratching or bald patches elsewhere.
For more information, read the health guide all about dog skin allergies

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Bacterial infections

Sometimes inflammation of the anal glands or the skin around the anus – such as dirty tail folds or delicate allergic skin – can lead to infection. Natural bacteria from the skin or your pup’s poop can take advantage of this, causing an infection. The result? Discomfort, swelling and more licking. Figuring out which bacteria are involved and the best treatment is a job for your vet.

Urinary tract infections (UTIs)

In female dogs, it’s not far from the bum to the vulva, so you may not be sure what your pup is really trying to lick. The short distance between the outside world and the inside of the bladder also means female dogs are more prone to infections. 

Male dogs can also have urinary problems – such as infections around the penis or urinary crystals – though bladder infections are less common than in females. If you suspect a urinary problem, look for wet patches on your floor, on their bed or on the fur around their vulva or penis, and call your vet for advice.  

Parasites 

External parasites like fleas often hang out near the tail base, triggering itchiness, and internal parasites, like tapeworms, can also cause irritation. (Tapeworm segments look like little grains of rice near your dog’s bum.) This is usually a straightforward fix, and regular deworming and flea treatment from your vet is the best defence.

Cancer 

It’s less common, but tumours in the anal glands, perianal area or surrounding skin can cause discomfort and irritation. Lumps, swelling or persistent licking should always be checked by your vet.

What to do if your dog keeps licking their bum

If your pup is suddenly obsessed with their rear end, it’s time for some doggy detective work. Sometimes the solution is simple – like a flea treatment. Other times, you’ll need a vet’s help to put the pieces together. 

Here’s what to look for:

  • Obvious irritation or swelling – Check the skin and fur near the tail, tail folds (or deeper tail pocket in short or bob-tailed breeds), bum, vulva and penis
  • Signs of parasites – Fleas, flea dirt (tiny black flecks that look like coffee granules) or tapeworm segments (like little grains of rice)
  • The scratch test – Does scratching near the base of the tail give them dramatic relief, more than a normal scratch would?
  • General wellbeing – Are they eating, drinking, pooping and peeing normally? Are they full of energy – or at least as bouncy as your resident couch potato usually is?
  • Other symptoms – Any changes elsewhere on their body that could suggest a wider issue?

A gentle wash with a mild dog shampoo is fine, but unlikely to fix most causes. And it’s important to avoid bathing within 48 hours of applying a flea spot-on. 

The takeaway 

A little licking is perfectly normal. But when your dog can’t seem to leave their bum alone, it’s time to investigate. Some causes are simple to manage at home, others need a vet’s input. If in doubt, pick up the phone sooner rather than later, as excess licking can mean your pup’s uncomfortable.

For more expert advice on keeping your dog happy and healthy, explore YuMOVE’s Health Guides